Human Capital & The Juvenile System

📊 High-Yield Data & Statistical Fact Sheet

Learning Poverty: ASER data shows that over 50% of Grade 5 children in rural India cannot read a Grade 2 level text.
Skill Employability: Less than 50% of Indian college graduates are employable straight out of university.
Mission Vatsalya Nodal: Managed by the Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD); aims to secure a healthy environment for children.
Juvenile Trial Filter: The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Act, 2021 empowers District DMs to issue adoption orders.
Age Exception: Section 15 of the JJ Act allows children aged 16-18 years to be tried as adults for heinous crimes (punishable by 7+ years).
Childline Integration: The national child emergency helpline 1098 is fully integrated with the MHA’s 112 Emergency Response Support System.

1. HUMAN CAPITAL & THE CAPABILITY APPROACH

HUMAN CAPITAL & THE CAPABILITY APPROACH

Cue Words	Notes
Analyze key facts and concepts related to HUMAN CAPITAL & THE CAPABILITY APPROACH.	Philosophy: Based on Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach. Human capital is not just about labor output; it is about expanding human capabilities (health, education, and social agency) so people can lead lives they value. Baseline Challenges: Learning Poverty: Lack of foundational literacy and numeracy hampers all future skill absorption. Skill Disconnect: Massive underemployment despite high graduate output due to non-industry-aligned curricula.

Cue Words

Notes

Analyze key facts and concepts related to HUMAN CAPITAL & THE CAPABILITY APPROACH.

Philosophy: Based on Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach. Human capital is not just about labor output; it is about expanding human capabilities (health, education, and social agency) so people can lead lives they value.
Baseline Challenges:
Learning Poverty: Lack of foundational literacy and numeracy hampers all future skill absorption.
Skill Disconnect: Massive underemployment despite high graduate output due to non-industry-aligned curricula.