SBM: The Sanitation Revolution

Swachh Bharat (Urban/Gramin) was launched on 2 October 2014 and aims for a Clean and Open Defecation Free (ODF) India; India was declared ODF in October 2019.

SBM-Urban vs SBM-Gramin: do not confuse

SBM-Urban: under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA); SBM-U 2.0 (launched 2021) targets "Garbage Free Cities" and wastewater management in statutory towns.
SBM-Gramin: under the Ministry of Jal Shakti (Dept. of Drinking Water and Sanitation); SBM-G Phase 2 (2020-21 to 2024-25) targets ODF Plus (ODF sustainability + SLWM) villages.

1. Phase 1: Access

Phase 1: Access

Phase 1: Access

Cue Words	Notes
Analyze key facts and concepts related to Phase 1: Access.	- Massive construction of IHHL (Individual Household Latrines) to achieve ODF status.

2. Phase 2 (ODF Plus): Management

Phase 2 (ODF Plus): Management

Phase 2 (ODF Plus): Management

Cue Words	Notes
Analyze key facts and concepts related to Phase 2 (ODF Plus): Management.	SLWM: Solid and Liquid Waste Management in villages. Aspirational: moving from "Toilets built" to "Toilets used and maintained."
SBM-Gramin Phase II progress (as on 10 Feb 2026)	2026 SBM-Gramein Phase II is being implemented 2020-21 to 2026-27, focused on ODF sustainability and converting villages to "ODF Plus (Model)" status (full solid + liquid waste management, visual cleanliness). Of 5,86,944 total villages, 4,96,180 have been declared ODF Plus (Model) (~84.5%); 5,29,231 villages covered by Solid Waste Management arrangements; 5,46,487 by Liquid Waste Management arrangements. IEC (Information, Education, Communication)/capacity-building expenditure capped at 5% of total project funds (up to 2% central level, up to 3% state/district level).

Cue Words

Notes

Analyze key facts and concepts related to Phase 2 (ODF Plus): Management.

SLWM: Solid and Liquid Waste Management in villages.
Aspirational: moving from "Toilets built" to "Toilets used and maintained."

SBM-Gramin Phase II progress (as on 10 Feb 2026)

2026

SBM-Gramein Phase II is being implemented 2020-21 to 2026-27, focused on ODF sustainability and converting villages to "ODF Plus (Model)" status (full solid + liquid waste management, visual cleanliness).
Of 5,86,944 total villages, 4,96,180 have been declared ODF Plus (Model) (~84.5%); 5,29,231 villages covered by Solid Waste Management arrangements; 5,46,487 by Liquid Waste Management arrangements.
IEC (Information, Education, Communication)/capacity-building expenditure capped at 5% of total project funds (up to 2% central level, up to 3% state/district level).

3. Behavioral Change

Behavioral Change

Behavioral Change

Cue Words	Notes
Analyze key facts and concepts related to Behavioral Change.	- The use of "Nudge Theory"—making cleanliness a "Public movement" (Jan Andolan).

4. Conclusion

Conclusion

Conclusion

Cue Words	Notes
Analyze key facts and concepts related to Conclusion.	Success lies in moving from "Unsanitary" to "Waste-Saturated & Hygiene-Verified Public Saturation."

SBM: The Sanitation Revolution ​

1. Phase 1: Access ​

Phase 1: Access ​

2. Phase 2 (ODF Plus): Management ​

Phase 2 (ODF Plus): Management ​

3. Behavioral Change ​

Behavioral Change ​

4. Conclusion ​

Conclusion ​